The Djankuat glacier was chosen as representative of the central North Caucasus during the International Hydrological Decade (IHD) - research program on water problems launched by UNESCO in 1965 - and is one of 30 ‘reference’ glaciers in the world which has annual mass balance series longer than 50 years. The mass-balance measurements have been carried out on Djankuat glacier since 1967 till now regularly (www.wgms.ch ) based on standard methods. Detailed hydrological and meteorological measurements were included in the monitoring program of the station during the IHD and came to an end in the late 1970s. The comprehensive hydrometeorological observation was resumed in the Djankuat research basin since 2007. Hydrometeorological measurements were done during the ablation season every year since 2007, all-year round hydrological gauge since 2021, and the observational program gradually expanded during 2007–2023 and now goes beyond the standard network hydrological and meteorological observations.

Rets, E., Fomichev, S. and Belozerov, E., 2021, April. Testing different machine learning techniques for runoff routing in a highly glacierized Djankuat river basin (the North Caucasus, Russia). In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (pp. EGU21-4567). Belozerov, E., Rets, E., Petrakov, D. and Popovnin, V., 2020. Modelling glaciers’ melting in Central Caucasus (the Djankuat and Bashkara Glacier case study). In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 163, p. 01002). EDP Sciences. Verhaegen, Y., Huybrechts, P., Rybak, O. and Popovnin, V.V., 2020. Modelling the evolution of Djankuat Glacier, North Caucasus, from 1752 until 2100 CE. The Cryosphere, 14(11), pp.4039-4061.

Rets, E.P., Popovnin, V.V., Toropov, P.A., Smirnov, A.M., Tokarev, I.V., Chizhova, J.N., Budantseva, N.A., Vasil'chuk, Y.K., Kireeva, M.B., Ekaykin, A.A. and Veres, A.N., 2019. Djankuat glacier station in the North Caucasus, Russia: A database of glaciological, hydrological, and meteorological observations and stable isotope sampling results during 2007–2017. Earth System Science Data, 11(3), pp.1463-1481. Popovnin, V.V., Rezepkin, A.A. and Tielidze, L.G., 2015. Superficial moraine expansion on the Djankuat Glacier snout over the direct glaciological monitoring period. Earth Cryosphere, 19(1), pp.79-87. Verhaegen, Y., Huybrechts, P., Rybak, O. and Popovnin, V.V., 2020. Modelling the evolution of Djankuat Glacier, North Caucasus, from 1752 until 2100 CE. The Cryosphere, 14(11), pp.4039-4061. Tsyplenkov, A., Vanmaercke, M., Collins, A.L., Kharchenko, S. and Golosov, V., 2021. Elucidating suspended sediment dynamics in a glacierized catchment after an exceptional erosion event: The Djankuat catchment, Caucasus Mountains, Russia. Catena, 203, p.105285. Verhaegen, Y., Rybak, O., Popovnin, V. and Huybrechts, P., 2023. Quantifying supraglacial debris-related melt-altering effects on the Djankuat Glacier, Russian Federation, Part 1: comparison of surface energy and mass fluxes over clean and debris-covered ice. Popovnin V.V., Pylayeva T.V. Avalanche feeding of the Djankuat Glacier. Ice and Snow. 2015;55(2):21-32. https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2015-2-21-32